ABSTRACT

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1. 1. Background of the Study

In today’s cars market, safety and quality has been gaining a huge importance mainly due to the increasing number of cars presents on roads, as well as customers wish to be safer when they travel by cars. Cars manufacturers worldwide work hard to overtake themselves and aim to provide best secure and high-quality products. Some cars manufacturers, such as Toyota provide products that use eco-friendly energy, which aim to reduce carbon emission and gas overconsumption. When a consumer is interested in buying a particular car and wants to get the knowledge of different features, strengths and weaknesses of that car. The consumer would also like to compare the features of this car with other brands of cars. This process of comparing requires manual searching of related websites which would need a lot of time. Information gained by visiting few websites would provide incomplete and less information (Deshpande et al., 2010).

Opinions are central to almost all human activities and are representation of our behaviors. For this reason, when we want to buy any product or service, we often check out the opinions of others. This is true for both for individuals and also for organizations. Opinions and its related concepts such as sentiments, evaluations, attitudes, and emotions are the subjects of study of sentiment analysis and opinion mining. One can not only communicate with people anywhere in the world but also express one’s views and opinions on anything using Internet forums, blogs, review sites and social network sites. People make fewer and fewer trips to libraries, but more and more searches on the Web. Retrieving information simply means finding a set of documents that is relevant to the user query. But that is not sufficient for today’s web, we require smart search for web by analyzing and mining people’s opinions which indicate positive or negative sentiments. Potential customers also want to know the opinions of existing users before they use a service or purchase a product (Juana et al., 2012).  

 is a type of natural language processing for tracking the mood or opinion of the public about a particular product or topic or service. There are various ways to do the sentiment classification by machine learning or by semantic approach. But today’s need is to do feature-based sentiment analysis. Since polarity of each feature get changed according to the domain. To take smart buying decision sentence and document level classification is not sufficient. Feature based analysis helps buyers to do perfect choice and business to grow their business in competitive world. The main difficulty in analyzing these reviews is that they are in the form of natural language. The processing of natural language is difficult; analyzing online unstructured textual reviews is even more difficult. However today need is feature based analysis which increases the difficulty level even more. The field of Sentiment Analysis is recent and as a result there are still a lot of challenges to be met. The mining of forums and online discussions is a challenge on its own. It is bit difficult for average human reader to identify relevant web sites and extract features and to do polarity summarization as a computer system would do in a short time. Therefore, automated emotions artificial Intelligence (AI) are thus needed for the evaluation of various car brands, using users comment reviews. (Bing, 2012)

1.2     Statement of the Problem

The advent of the internet has brought ease to the curation of information and resources for better decision making, many online car brands platforms have provided sections where users can make comments in form of reviews about their cars. This is to help the car brand owners to provide better versions of their brand to their customers. The problem has been that a lot of users make comment reviews on these platforms, which makes it almost impossible for humans to read all the comment reviews and come up with a better evaluation. a car reviews evaluation system using emotion artificial intelligence to mine through all the comment reviews and bring out a summarized version of the general emotions of all users who have made comments on any particular car, is been proposed to assuage this problem.

1.3     Aim and Objectives of the Study

The aim of this research work is to Design a Car Reviews Evaluation Using Emotion Artificial Intelligence that will be used to evaluate or rate a car based on the comments reviews or opinions of individuals who have used the car before. It will also facilitate the individual with parameters covering all the aspects required by the user to choose a suitable car according to their needs and requirement standards.

The objectives of the study are to;

i. Design a Car Reviews Evaluation System using Unified Model Language (UML) tools.

ii. Design a user-friendly centralize car brands review system with user comment reviews

iii. Evaluate users reviews on the system using Emotion Artificial Intelligence

iv. Test the system for performance to ensure it meet its objectives.

1.4     Significance of the Study

The proposed system would aid car manufacturers to get better feedbacks of their brands from users comment reviews, the evaluated comment reviews would serve to bring summarized ideation of the numerous numbers of comments on a particular car brand and also save the time of other users from reading all comment reviews about a car brand before making decisions.

The software is relevant in the following ways:

1. The designed software will aid in carrying out car ratings based on users comment reviews.
2. The designed software will aid car manufacturers to find out the quality of cars on the online web-stores via customers comments reviews on them and improve the quality of cars on their online web-stores
3. The designed system will be useful to individuals in times of making quick decision on which car to buy or gift someone.
4. The designed software will be useful to car manufacturers to know the opinion of their customers with regards to the quality of their cars.
5. The designed software will also be relevant to any individual or agency which will like to carry out a survey on cars to know opinion of the public towards the car.

1.5     Scope of the Study

This Research Work covers the Design and Implementation of a Car Reviews Evaluation using Emotion Artificial Intelligence on users comment reviews with special focus to cars.

1.6 Definition of Terms

Analysis: Analysis is the process of breaking a complex topic or substance into smaller parts in order to gain a better understanding of it.

Car: A car is a wheeled motor vehicle used for transportation. Most definitions of cars say that they run primarily on roads, seat one to eight people, have four wheels, and mainly transport people rather than goods. Cars came into global use during the 20th century, and developed economies depend on them.

Data analysis: This is a process of inspecting, cleansing, transforming and modeling data with the goal of discovering useful information, informing conclusion and supporting decision-making.

Data Mining Algorithm: It is a set of heuristics and calculations that creates a model from data. To create a model, the algorithm first analyzes the data you provide, looking for specific types of patterns or trends.

Data Mining: Data mining is the process of discovering patterns in large data sets involving methods at the intersection of machine learning, statistics, and database systems

Dataset: A data set is a collection of data. In the case of tabular data, a data set corresponds to one or more database tables, where every column of a table represents a particular variable, and each row corresponds to a given record of the data set in question.

Decision-Making: the action or process of making important decisions.

Emotion Artificial Intelligence: Emotion AI refers to artificial intelligence that detects and interprets human emotional signals. Sources can include text (natural language processing and sentiment analysis), audio (voice emotion AI), video (facial movement analysis, gait analysis and physiological signals) or combinations thereof.

Evaluation: this is a systematic determination of a subject's merit, worth and significance, using criteria governed by a set of standards.

Feedback: information about reactions to a product, a person's performance of a task, etc. which is used as a basis for improvement.

Fraudulent: obtained, done by, or involving deception, especially criminal deception.

Internet: Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to serve billions of users worldwide. It is also known as the network of networks.

Noisy Data: Noisy data is data that is corrupted, or distorted, or has a low Signal-to-Noise Ratio. Improper procedures to subtract out the noise in data can lead to a false sense of accuracy or false conclusions.

Opinion Mining: this is a type of natural language processing for tracking the mood of the public about a particular entity or product. Opinion mining, which is also called sentiment analysis, involves building a system to collect and categorize opinions about a product or services.

Opinion: An opinion can be defined as a view or judgment formed about something, not necessarily based on fact or knowledge.

Patronize: frequent (a shop, restaurant, or other establishment) as a customer.

Personal Subjective Opinion: This refers to personal perspectives, feelings, or opinions entering a decision-making process.

Professional Critic: A professional critic is one who communicates an assessment and an opinion of various forms of creative works such as art, literature, music, cinema, theatre, fashion, architecture, and food. 

Raw Dataset: is a dataset that has not been processed for use.

Review: A review is an evaluation of a publication, service, or company such as a movie, video game, musical composition, book; a piece of hardware like a car, home appliance, or computer; or an event or performance, such as a live music concert, play, musical theater show, dance show, or art exhibition.

Sentiment Analysis: Sentiment analysis refers to the use of natural language processing, text analysis, computational linguistics, and biometrics to systematically identify, extract, quantify, and study affective states and subjective information. 

Sentiment Polarity Analysis: This is the classification of a textual sentiment polarity into positive, negative or Neutral.

Sentiment Polarity: Refers to identifying sentiment orientation (positive, neutral, and negative) in written or spoken language. Other types of sentiment analysis include fine-grained sentiment analysis which provides more precision in the level of polarity (e.g. very positive, positive, neutral, negative, and very negative) and emotion analysis which aims to identify emotions in expressions (e.g. happiness, sadness, frustration, surprise, etc).

Sentiment Tendency Analysis: This is the analysis of the polarity probability of a text sentiment to be negative, positive or Neutral.

Society: is a group of individuals involved in persistent social interaction, or a large social group sharing the same spatial or social territory, typically subject to the same political authority and dominant cultural expectations

Software: These are set of instructions that are designed to solve a specific problem. Software is made up of data and instructions. There are two categories of software; System software and Application software.

System: A system is a set of detailed methods, procedures and routines created to carry out a specific activity, perform a duty, or solve a problem

Text Sentiment Analysis: is a text analysis method that detects polarity (e.g. a positive or negative opinion) within text, whether a whole document, paragraph, sentence, or clause.

Unified Modeling Language: The Unified Modeling Language is a general-purpose, developmental, modeling language in the field of software engineering that is intended to provide a standard way to visualize the design of a system.

Web: The Web is basically a system of Internet servers that support specially formatted documents.

Artificial intelligence (AI): Artificial intelligence refers to the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think like humans and mimic their actions. The term may also be applied to any machine that exhibits traits associated with a human mind such as learning and problem-solving.